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Trading & Financial Terms,
Explained Simply.

Understand important trading, financial, and market terms in simple language. Need more help? Our team is ready.

 What are Blue Chip Stocks India?

“Blue chip” stocks are shares of large and established companies with a long operating history and an established client base. Usually, they have substantial market capitalisation and a history of…

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 What are Exotic Currency Pairs?

Exotic currency pairs combine one major currency with the currency of an emerging or smaller economy. Some common exotic forex pairs examples are: USD/INR: U.S. Dollar / Indian Rupee USD/TRY:…

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 What are Option Greeks?

Option Greeks are used to assess how an option's price may respond to changes in factors such as the: Underlying asset price Time remaining until expiry, and Volatility. As per…

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 What is a Pip in Forex?

A pip is a standard unit used to measure a change in the exchange rate of a currency pair. For most currency pairs, 1 pip is the fourth decimal place.…

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 What is a Put Option?

A put option gives the buyer the right, but not the obligation, to “sell” the underlying asset at a predetermined strike price on or before expiry. For example, suppose a…

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 What is Delivery Trading?

Delivery trading refers to buying shares with the intention of holding them beyond the trading day. Usually, the purchased shares are settled and credited to the investor's demat account. Currently,…

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 What is Delta in Options?

Delta measures how much an option's premium is expected to change when the price of the underlying asset changes by one unit (assuming other factors remain unchanged). Several traders use…

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 What is Hedging in Forex?

Hedging is the technique of opening a “strategic position” to reduce the risk from another position or exposure. To understand the concept better, let’s study an example related to a…

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 What is Option Premium?

The option premium is the price paid by the buyer to purchase an options contract. It is also the amount received by the option seller when the option is sold.…

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test glossary

Accelerator What’s an Accelerator? An accelerator is a fixed-term program designed to help early-stage startups and growing businesses accelerate their growth by offering them resources such as mentoring, capital, guidance,…

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Vintest

Accelerator What’s an Accelerator? An accelerator is a fixed-term program designed to help early-stage startups and growing businesses accelerate their growth by offering them resources such as mentoring, capital, guidance,…

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What are Major Currency Pairs?

Major currency pairs are the most “actively traded” forex pairs. Primarily, they include the U.S. dollar (USD) and one of the other major currencies. As per general industry understanding, some…

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What are Minor Currency Pairs?

Minor currency pairs (also called “cross-currency” pairs) are a type of currency pair that do not include the U.S. dollar. They usually involve currencies such as the Euro, British pound,…

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What is a Call Option?

A call option gives the buyer the right, but not the obligation, to “buy” the underlying asset at a predetermined strike price on or before expiry. For example, suppose a…

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What is a Carry Trade in Forex?

A “carry trade” (or carry trade interest rate strategy) is a technique in which a trader seeks to benefit from a difference in interest rates between two currencies. The basic…

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What is a Currency Pair?

A currency pair shows the exchange rate between two currencies. It shows how much of one currency is needed to buy one unit of another currency. Note that a currency…

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What is a Demat Account?

A Demat account is used to hold securities in electronic form. "Demat" is short for dematerialised, which represents that physical securities are held electronically instead of as “paper certificates”. When…

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What is a Forex Market Session?

A forex market session refers to a period when the major financial centres in a particular region are active in the foreign exchange market. The commonly recognised forex sessions and…

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What is a Forex Scalping Strategy?

“Forex scalping” is a trading approach/ style in which traders try to take advantage of minor price movements. Usually, they hold positions for ultra-short periods (from a few seconds to…

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What is a Futures Contract?

A futures contract is a standardised agreement to buy or sell an underlying asset at a “predetermined price” on a specified future date. Generally, futures contracts are traded on an…

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What is a Margin Call?

A margin call occurs when a trader's account no longer has enough available equity to meet the broker's required margin level. To better understand how does margin work in trading,…

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What is a Rollover in Forex?

Rollover is the process of carrying an open forex position from one trading day to the next. When a position remains open after the broker's daily rollover time, the broker…

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What is a Stop Loss in Trading?

A stop-loss is an instruction placed with the broker to automatically close the trade at a pre-determined price. Usually, this price is less favourable to the trader. For example,  A…

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What is an IPO?

An IPO (Initial Public Offering) is the process through which a company offers its shares to the public for the “first time” and gets its shares listed on a stock…

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What is an Options Contract?

An options contract gives the buyer the right, but not the obligation, to buy or sell an underlying asset at a “predetermined price”. This right can be exercised within or…

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What is Commodity Trading in India?

Commodity trading in India refers to buying and selling commodity-based futures contracts (derivatives) through recognised commodity exchanges, such as Multi-Commodity Exchange of India (MCX) and National Commodity & Derivatives Exchange…

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What is Crude Oil Trading in India?

Crude oil trading in India refers to buying and selling “crude-oil derivative contracts” on commodity exchanges, such as Multi-Commodity Exchange (MCX). These contracts allow market participants to take positions based…

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What is F&O Lot Size in NSE?

F&O lot size in NSE is the fixed number of units of an underlying asset contained in one futures or options contract traded on the NSE. For example, Suppose an…

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What is Forex Trading?

“Forex” stands for “foreign exchange”. Forex trading is the process of buying one currency and selling another currency simultaneously. Such a trading take place in “pairs” where one currency is…

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What is Gold Trading in India?

Gold trading in India refers to buying and selling “gold-related” financial contracts (instead of physical gold). In India, investors and traders can trade gold through commodity derivatives (via gold futures…

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What is Intraday Trading?

Intraday trading is the process of buying and selling a security within the “same” trading day (without carrying the position to the next trading day). For example,  Suppose an investor…

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What is KYC in Stock Market?

KYC (Know Your Customer) is the process through which a financial institution verifies a customer's identity and other required details before providing financial services. As per SEBI guidelines, KYC is…

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What is Leverage in Trading?

Leverage in forex trading allows a trader to control a position that is larger than the amount of capital set aside as margin. For example,  With “10:1” leverage, a trader…

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What is Lot Size in Forex?

Lot size in forex refers to the amount of currency represented by a forex trade. As per general industry understanding, some common lot sizes in forex are: Lot TypeUnits of…

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What is Margin in Forex?

Margin is the amount of money a trader must set aside with a broker to open and maintain a leveraged forex position. For example,  Suppose a trader opens a ₹100,000…

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What is Market Capitalisation?

Market capitalisation (or market cap) is the total market value of a company's outstanding equity shares. Mathematically, it is calculated using the following formula: Market Capitalisation = Current Share Price…

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What is MCX Trading in India?

MCX trading refers to buying and selling commodity derivative contracts listed on the Multi-Commodity Exchange of India (MCX). The exchange provides contracts linked to commodities such as gold, silver, crude…

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What is MTF in Stock Trading?

MTF (Margin Trading Facility) allows investors to buy shares by paying only a portion of the total purchase value, while the broker funds the remaining amount. For example,  Suppose an…

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What is NIFTY 50?

NIFTY 50 is a stock market index of the National Stock Exchange of India (NSE). It tracks the performance of the 50 largest companies (in terms of full market capitalisation)…

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What is Open Interest in Options?

Open Interest (OI) is the total number of outstanding options contracts that have not been closed, exercised, or expired. For example,  Suppose 1,000 new option contracts are created and remain…

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What is Option Chain Analysis?

Option chain analysis is the study of available call and put options across different strike prices and expiry dates. An option chain usually shows information, such as: Open interest Change…

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What is SEBI?

SEBI (Securities and Exchange Board of India) is the “statutory regulator” of India's securities market. Primarily, it regulates market intermediaries (such as stockbrokers and mutual funds) and works toward investor…

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What is SENSEX?

SENSEX (or Sensitive Index) is the benchmark stock market index of BSE (BSE Ltd.). It tracks the 30 largest, established, and financially sound companies listed on BSE, subject to the…

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What is Silver Trading in India?

Silver trading in India involves buying and selling silver through financial instruments such as futures and options on commodity exchanges, such as Multi-Commodity Exchange (MCX).  On MCX, silver contracts derive…

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What is Spot vs Futures Trading?

Spot trading involves buying or selling an asset at its “current market price” (CMP). In contrast, in futures trading, a “futures contract" is traded to buy or sell an underlying…

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What is Spread in Forex?

The spread is the difference between the bid price and the ask price of a currency pair. For example,  Suppose the bid price is 1.1050 and the ask price is…

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What is STT in Trading?

STT (Securities Transaction Tax) in India is a “direct tax” imposed on the purchase and sale of securities, such as: Stocks/ Equity shares Derivatives, and  Mutual fund units STT was…

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What is Swap in Forex?

Swap (or swap charges) in forex trading are the overnight/ rollover fees you “pay” or “earn” for keeping a position open overnight. It happens because every forex trade involves two…

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What is Take Profit?

A “take-profit” is an instruction placed with a broker to automatically close the trade when the price reaches the “target profit”. For example,  Suppose a trader buys EUR/USD at 1.1000.…

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What is the NSE?

NSE (National Stock Exchange of India) is a stock exchange where securities such as equity shares, equity derivatives, ETFs, and other permitted assets are traded. NSE began operations in the…

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What is Theta in Options?

Theta measures the effect of the passage of time on an option's premium. It is commonly associated with “time decay”. As an option approaches expiry, the time available for a…

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Zero Brokerage

Zero brokerage indicates that a broker does not charge a “brokerage fee” from its registered users. This benefit may apply to a specific market segment or extend across all segments.…

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Brokerage Calculator

Estimates only. Actual brokerage, taxes and fees depend on your account and prevailing charges.

Intraday Calculator

Estimates only. Actual charges vary by broker and market conditions.

Forex Profit Calculator

1 standard lot = 100,000 units. Estimates only; actual P&L may include swap and spread costs.

Pip Calculator

Pip value shown in USD (approx.). Actual value depends on live rates.

Margin Calculator

Estimates only. Actual margin requirements depend on your broker and instrument specifications.