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What is an Equity Curve in Trading?

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An equity curve is a graph showing how a trading account’s equity changes as trades are completed. For example, 

  • Suppose a trading system starts with ₹5 lakh.
  • However, subsequent realised profits and losses take the account to ₹5.2 lakh, ₹4.9 lakh, ₹5.4 lakh, and ₹5.6 lakh.
  • Now, plotting these values produces the equity curve.

How to Perform an Equity Curve Analysis?

As per general market understanding, an equity curve can be analysed for the following parameters:

Parameters AnalysedWhat Does it Show?
Overall ReturnChange in account equity over the test period.
DrawdownDecline from a previous equity peak to a subsequent low.
ConsistencyFrequency and size of gains and losses.
VolatilityDegree of fluctuation in account equity.
RecoveryTime required to recover from a drawdown.

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